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Unsecured Credentials: Private Keys

Description from ATT&CK

Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc.

Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. These private keys can be used to authenticate to Remote Services like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.

Adversary tools have been discovered that search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia)

Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use Input Capture for keylogging or attempt to Brute Force the passphrase off-line. https://www.aleksandrhovhannisyan.com/blog/how-to-add-a-copy-to-clipboard-button-to-your-jekyll-blog/

Atomic Tests

Atomic Test #1 - Private Keys

Find private keys on the Windows file system. File extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc

Supported Platforms: windows

auto_generated_guid: 520ce462-7ca7-441e-b5a5-f8347f632696

Inputs:

None

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt! Elevation Required (e.g. root or admin)

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dir c:\ /b /s .key | findstr /e .key

Atomic Test #2 - Discover Private SSH Keys

Discover private SSH keys on a macOS or Linux system.

Supported Platforms: macos,linux

auto_generated_guid: 46959285-906d-40fa-9437-5a439accd878

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
search_path Path where to start searching from. path /
output_file Output file containing locations of SSH key files path /tmp/keyfile_locations.txt

Attack Commands: Run with sh!

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find #{search_path} -name id_rsa >> #{output_file}
find #{search_path} -name id_dsa >> #{output_file}

Cleanup Commands:

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rm #{output_file}

Atomic Test #3 - Copy Private SSH Keys with CP

Copy private SSH keys on a Linux system to a staging folder using the 

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cp
command.

Supported Platforms: linux

auto_generated_guid: 7c247dc7-5128-4643-907b-73a76d9135c3

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
search_path Path where to start searching from. path /
output_folder Output folder containing copies of SSH private key files path /tmp/art-staging

Attack Commands: Run with sh!

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mkdir #{output_folder}
find #{search_path} -name id_rsa -exec cp --parents {} #{output_folder} \;
find #{search_path} -name id_dsa -exec cp --parents {} #{output_folder} \;

Cleanup Commands:

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rm #{output_folder}

Atomic Test #4 - Copy Private SSH Keys with rsync

Copy private SSH keys on a Linux or macOS system to a staging folder using the 

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rsync
command.

Supported Platforms: macos,linux

auto_generated_guid: 864bb0b2-6bb5-489a-b43b-a77b3a16d68a

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
search_path Path where to start searching from. path /
output_folder Output folder containing copies of SSH private key files path /tmp/art-staging

Attack Commands: Run with sh!

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mkdir #{output_folder}
find #{search_path} -name id_rsa -exec rsync -R {} #{output_folder} \;
find #{search_path} -name id_dsa -exec rsync -R {} #{output_folder} \;

Cleanup Commands:

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rm -rf #{output_folder}

source